Hereditary Characteristics Research Articles

Emergent dynamics in fractional-order Wilson–Cowan neural network systems

The firing dynamics of excitable systems are critical to understand organized responses in cortical networks. In this paper, we examine a fractional-order Wilson–Cowan (W–C) neural network model composed of excitatory and inhibitory neuron populations, utilizing Caputo’s fractional-order derivative formalism to explore the influence of fractional-order dynamics on firing behavior. The significance of extending to the fractional-order domain lies in the model’s theoretical framework, which inherently retains memory and hereditary characteristics. We investigate memory-dependent response functions and average neuronal characteristics, enabling us to formulate a fractional-order model that incorporates past dynamics into the neuronal populations’ features. This generalized model is capable of producing alternations between spiking and bursting phenomena, including mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs). Using stability and bifurcation analyses, we delineate the parameter space within which variations in firing patterns emerge. One notable impact of the model’s memory property is the potential stabilization of neuronal activity. We demonstrate that our numerical findings are in alignment with the analytical predictions and that the memory trace depends on the fractional-order dynamics.

Distribution pattern of abo and rhesus blood group among voluntary blood donors in Abakaliki

ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens are hereditary characters and are useful in population genetic studies, in resolving medico-legal issues and more importantly in compatibility test in blood transfusion practice. The aim of this work is to determine the distribution pattern of ABO and Rh (D) blood group among voluntary blood donors in Abakaliki. Blood groups and rhesus were tested in 500 subjects comprising of 446 male donors and 54 female donors. Cell and serum grouping technique was carried out using standard procedures respectively. The overall distribution of ABO cell and serum grouping, and Rh (D) groups result shows that A, B, AB and O are 87(17%), 63(13%), 5(1%) and 345(69%) respectively. For the Rh group, 473 (95%) of the donors were Rh (D) positive and 27(5%) were Rh D negative. The reduction in number of female donors is due to religious belief of some, menstrual flow, fear of needle prick, Low PCV etc. In Conclusion, this work could help health institutions to identify where they can obtain blood products necessary for medical interventions. Moreover, this piece of information contributes to the knowledge of the genetic structure of the Abakaliki population which could have significant implications in different fields of biomedicine.

The stability of a class of 2D non-newtonian fluid equations with unbounded delays

ABSTRACTWe address the stability of stationary solutions to a class of 2D non-newtonian fluid equations, when the external force contains hereditary characteristics involving unbounded delays. Firstly, when the unbounded variable delay is driven by a continuously differential function, we establish the stability of nontrivial weak stationary solutions and the asymptotic stability of trivial stationary solution. Then when the general unbounded delay is continuous with respect to time, the stability of nontrivial strong stationary solutions is also obtained. Eventually, when the proportional delay is considered, the polynomial stability of trivial stationary solution is verified.

Modeling SARS coronavirus-2 omicron variant dynamic via novel fractional derivatives with immunization and memory trace effects

The objective of this paper is to recommend an adjusted Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model that characterizes the temporal patterns of various individuals affected by the omicron variant in an epidemic. This model considers factors such as vaccination, asymptomatic cases, indoor and outdoor air, hospitalizations, and deaths, as well as the impact of immunization and memory trace. While many recent studies overlook the complexities of multiple strains, including their diverse transmission rates and reaction to vaccines, this study introduces a new fractional derivative model to examine the spread of the omicron variant of COVID-19 and the implementation of a vaccination campaign. A thorough theoretical analysis is conducted, and the critical factor (Rcrnz) is calculated using the model equations. It is demonstrated that when Rcrnz is less than 1, the disease-free state is globally asymptotically stable, meaning that the epidemic diminishes. Moreover, the stability of both global and local equilibrium points is examined. Numerical simulations are employed to demonstrate the alignment between the numerical findings and theoretical characteristics. The model is adjusted to experimental data that reflect the progression of the omicron variant of COVID-19 in Guangzhou, exhibiting a satisfactory performance in predicting the number of infected individuals, thereby suggesting its capability to accurately estimate asymptomatic cases. Furthermore, to emphasize the benefits of employing fractional differential equations, the paper provides examples related to memory trace and hereditary characteristics. Moreover, the examined models are expected to be applied and expanded upon in order to contribute to the formulation of policies for disease control during times of limited vaccine availability. To summarize, the model appears to be a sufficient tool for researching and managing infectious diseases. It is projected that as the Omicron variant's prevalence declines, there will be a reduced need for respiratory-focused precautions.

Efficient Genome Assembly Studies Using Overlap and Hamiltonian Graphs

These DNA sequencing is the intricate process of deciphering the specific arrangement of nitrogenous bases, also known as nucleotides, within a DNA molecule. Each organism possesses a unique nucleotide sequence that dictates its genetic blueprint, or genome, influencing both physical traits (phenotypes) and hereditary characteristics (genotypes) at the cellular level. In the realm of mathematics, graph theory delves into the study of mathematical constructs called graphs, composed of vertices (nodes) interconnected by either directed or undirected edges. Determining the precise order in which these nucleotides are linked empowers scientists and researchers to compare DNA across organisms, shedding light on their evolutionary relationships. This research delves into the pivotal role of graph theory in genome sequencing, exploring the diverse types of graphs utilized in this process. We propose innovative methods for employing graph theory in DNA sequencing and investigate the application of graphs such as overlap graphs and Hamiltonian graphs in genome sequencing, along with their associated advantages and limitations.

Recent Advances in Inherited Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Genetic Testing.

Inherited arrhythmias, encompassing conditions such as cardiomyopathies, cardiac ion channel disorders, and coronary heart disease, represent the common causes that elevate the threat of sudden cardiac death among adults. Researchers have pinpointed the genes responsible for these hereditary arrhythmias in the last 30 years. Concurrently, it has become clear that the genetic makeup underlying these conditions is more intricate than previously understood. Evolution in DNA sequencing techniques, particularly next-generation sequencing, has empowered us to learn these intricate hereditary characteristics. Genetic testing is crucial in diagnosing, assessing risk, and determining treatment for individuals with these conditions and their family members. The need for collaborative endeavors to comprehend and address these uncommon yet potentially life-threatening disorders is becoming more evident. This review aims to inform readers of the latest advances in understanding hereditary arrhythmias and provide the groundwork for collaborative genetic testing initiatives to characterize these disorders in the general population.

Long-Term Side Effects: A Mathematical Modeling of COVID-19 and Stroke with Real Data

The post-effects of COVID-19 have begun to emerge in the long term in society. Stroke has become one of the most common side effects in the post-COVID community. In this study, to examine the relationship between COVID-19 and stroke, a fractional-order mathematical model has been constructed by considering the fear effect of being infected. The model’s positivity and boundedness have been proved, and stability has been examined for disease-free and co-existing equilibrium points to demonstrate the biological meaningfulness of the model. Subsequently, the basic reproduction number (the virus transmission potential (R0)) has been calculated. Next, the sensitivity analysis of the parameters according to R0 has been considered. Moreover, the values of the model parameters have been calculated using the parameter estimation method with real data originating from the United Kingdom. Furthermore, to underscore the benefits of fractional-order differential equations (FODEs), analyses demonstrating their relevance in memory trace and hereditary characteristics have been provided. Finally, numerical simulations have been highlighted to validate our theoretical findings and explore the system’s dynamic behavior. From the findings, we have seen that if the screening rate in the population is increased, more cases can be detected, and stroke development can be prevented. We also have concluded that if the fear in the population is removed, the infection will spread further, and the number of people suffering from a stroke may increase.

Effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on Skeletal System Development: A Review.

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that alter endocrine function and cause adverse effects on an organism. EDC interference with the endocrine system leads to chronic autoimmune disorders, abnormal osteogenesis, infertility, and reproductive, neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders. Among the adverse effects of EDCs are their impact on developing fetuses and neonates. EDCs like bisphenol A (BPA), pesticides, and lead interfere with or alter sex steroid hormone synthesis and metabolism, leading to developmental delay, infertility, and urogenital carcinoma in both sexes. This review article examines the most harmful EDC, BPA, which affects the skeletal system during the embryonic period. The literature investigates the effects of BPA on various systems in our body, but the mechanism behind skeletal system development during the embryonic period is still unknown. In the present review, 25 articles were reviewed through multiple windows like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Many articles mention the effects of BPA on the skeletal system after birth and also examine reproductive system abnormalities, hereditary characteristics, excretory system malfunctions, and physical and mental illness in various mechanisms. The impact of BPA on the skeletal system causes morphological and physiological changes in developing embryos. The general ideology regarding skeletal system development and its mechanism is as follows: the formation of bone (osteocytes) is reduced by the apoptosis of precursor bone cells (osteoblasts) by the effect of BPA. EDC exposure induces the apoptosis of bone cells and inhibits the formation of osteoblasts, and long-term exposure to these chemicals will also impact immune system development.

Immunogenetic monitoring in the breeding of cow families of the breed of Sychevka cattle

In the breeding of cattle with pure-breeding, an important role is given to working with brood families. At the same time, purebreeder try to preserve and propagate valuable genes of outstanding dairy cows in subsequent generations through daughters and sons. The main purpose of the research was to study the genetic features of the best uterine families of the breed of Sychevka using the EAB locus alleles of blood groups as genetic markers. And also, it determines the acceptability of immunogenetic monitoring for objective control over the transmission and preservation of valuable genes of the progenitors of the families. In the period from 1983 to 2021 the research in the pedigree farms of the Smolensk region was carried out. Blood groups using reagents of the Smolensk Research Institute were determined. Families on the basis of pedigrees were systematized. We used databases of pedigree farms of analyze milk productivity. As a result of the research, marker genes characterizing 12 leading families of the breed were established. The largest number of animals with markers G2Y2E/1Q/, Y1A/1, E/3G/G//.Immunogenetic monitoring allowed us to preserve valuable genes of the foundation animal of the Fialka 40 cow family, marked with the EAB allele Y1A/1 for 8 generations of female and male offspring. The expediency of using genetic markers in breeding by families has been established. It’ll allow preserving the valuable hereditary qualities of outstanding animals and optimizing the breeding process in the breed of Sychevka breed.

Families of Brown Swiss cows in breeding farms of the Smolensk region

Increasing the dairy productivity of cows is the main goal of breeding work in dairy cattle breeding. The main method of purebred cattle breeding is considered to be breeding by lines and families. In the herds of five padigree farms of the Smolensk region for the breeding of the Brown Swiss breed of cattle 160 main families with a total number of 2285 cows have been established. The number of families on farms ranged from 17 to 40 with the number of animals from 235 to 502, in each. The main indicators of dairy productivity of cows in individual families are determined, the most promising for further breeding work are identified. The best families were formed in the breeding reproducer of the SPC "Druzhba" with record indicators of dairy productivity of cows for the breed. So in the Nevesta's family 917 cows were received: Zlata 2259 (3 – 305 – 8953 -3.94% – 3.31%); Dona 313 (2 – 305 – 11184 – 3.76% – 3.64 %). The Index of genetic similarity between animals of individual families calculated using immunogenetic markers revealed significant differences in the hereditary characteristics of the compared groups.

Clonal variation based on some morphological and micromorphological characteristics in the Boyabat (Sinop/Turkey) black pine (Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) seed orchard

Seed orchards with high hereditary qualities and the improvement studies used are of great importance. This study was carried out on individuals in a Boyabat grafted black pine seed orchard, Sinop. The morphological and micromorphological measurements of the characteristics were performed on needle samples taken from individuals, and the genetic diversity was determined on a clonal basis. According to the analysis of variance applied to the data obtained from the measurements and the morphological and micromorphological characters of the clones, it was determined that there was a significant difference among the clones at the P<0.001 confidence level. In this context, according to Duncan’s Range test, the creation of a large number of groups is an indicator of it. The highest heritability rates were obtained in needle diameter, stipule diameter, number of the dorsal stoma, and needle length characteristics.

Productivity of pigs under the conditions of introduction of the additive of the mixed ligand complex of Cuprum

The intensification of the pig industry requires the breeding of highly productive young animals capable of providing high-growth energy under good conditions of maintenance and full feeding. Full feeding of suckling piglets in most farms of Ukraine is provided by pre-starter compound feeds of imported production, which leads to an increase in the cost price of pork. In addition, the traditional sources of trace elements in these compound feeds are mineral salts in the form of sulfate and chloride compounds, the bioavailability of which is 12–35 %, which leads to environmental pollution with heavy metals, and the crystallized water contained in sulfate molecules in the premixes destroys vitamins and other biologically active substances. The degree of assimilation of trace elements increases with the use of feed additives with trace elements of organic origin. Representatives of such feed additives are mixed ligand complexes of trace elements (chelates). Taking into account the fact that suckling piglets need Ferrum addition to mother's milk and a sufficient amount of Cuprum on the 4–5th day of life since Cuprum catalyzes the incorporation of Ferrum into the heme structure and is an indispensable activator of hemoglobin synthesis and a stimulator of erythrocyte maturation, the study of the action of this element in the composition of a mixed ligand of the complex in the pre-starter compound feed is relevant. In addition, the study of the economic and economic significance of the use of the mixed ligand complex of Cuprum in the feeding of suckling piglets, the establishment of optimal norms of this supplement taking into account the breed and parent age, has an important scientific and practical significance. The domestic and foreign experience of effective pig farming shows that the realization of the hereditary qualities of modern high-performance pig breeds and obtaining ecologically clean products is possible only under the condition of the development and implementation of perfect technologies for the production of pig farming products, which must be consistent with the biological needs of animals.

Upper semicontinuity of pullback attractors for nonclassical diffusion equations with delay

In this paper, we mainly study the upper semicontinuity of pullback D-attractors for a nonclassical diffusion equation with delay term b ( t , u t ) which contains some hereditary characteristics. Under a critical nonlinearity f, a time-dependent force g ( t , x ) with exponential growth and a delayed force term b ( t , u t ), using the asymptotic a priori estimate method, we prove the upper semicontinuity of pullback D-attractor { A ε ( t ) } t ∈ R to equation (1.1) with ε ∈ [ 0 , 1 ].

Perfil genético asociado a pacientes con síndrome aórtico agudo complicado: el estudio GEN-AOR

Introduction and objectivesGenetic testing is becoming increasingly important for diagnosis and personalized treatments in aortopathies. Here, we aimed to genetically diagnose a group of acute aortic syndrome (AAS) patients consecutively admitted to an intensive care unit and to explore the clinical usefulness of AAS-associated variants during treatment decision-making and family traceability. MethodsWe applied targeted next-generation sequencing, covering 42 aortic diseases genes in AAS patients with no signs consistent with syndromic conditions. Detected variants were segregated by Sanger sequencing in available family members. Demographic features, risk factors and clinical symptoms were statistically analyzed by Fisher or Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact tests, to assess their relationship with genetic results. ResultsAnalysis of next-generation sequencing data in 73 AAS patients led to the detection of 34 heterozygous candidate variants in 14 different genes in 32 patients. Family screening was performed in 31 relatives belonging to 9 families. We found 13 relatives harboring the family variant, of which 10 showed a genotype compatible with the occurrence of AAS. Statistical tests revealed that the factors associated with a positive genetic diagnosis were the absence of hypertension, lower age, family history of AAS and absence of pain. ConclusionsOur findings broaden the spectrum of the genetic background for AAS. In addition, both index patients and studied relatives benefited from the results obtained, establishing the most appropriate level of surveillance for each group. Finally, this strategy could be reinforced by the use of stastistically significant clinical features as a predictive tool for the hereditary character of AAS.ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04751058)

Standardization of Mass Queen Rearing Techniques in Indian Honey Bees

Indian honey bee (Apis cerana indica F.) is present throughout our country except in the plains of north India. The queen bee is the mother of the colony, which rules over workers. As it is the source of all the hereditary characters, the colony can be improved by producing a goodquality queen. Even though biologically similar to A. mellifera, there were no ample studies on queen rearing in Indian bees than Italian bees. To unveil artificial queen rearing technique, queen cell cup size, type, and quality of the priming material were optimized based on acceptance and adult emergence. Queen cell cups of different sizes viz., 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, and 7 mm in diameter, were used. Among them, 7 mm diameter cup showed the highest larval acceptance (28.33%) and adult emergence (25%). Priming media viz., water priming, royal jelly priming, diluted royal jelly priming, honey priming, and honey + royal jelly priming were fed to the colonies. Among them, diluted royal jelly showed the highest acceptance with 29.2% and adult emergence of 27.1% followed by, royal jelly (16.7% and 12.5%), honey + royal jelly (10.4% and 6.5%), honey (8.3% and 4.2%), and water (2.1% and 2.1%) respectively. The queen cell cups were prepared artificially from plastic cups too. But they were not readily accepted by worker bees. Hence, it is important to standardize queen rearing methodology in A. cerana indica in order to multiply a large number of queens and supply superior-character queens to the beekeepers in India

The Spectrum of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Systems in a Blood Center in Southern Karnataka

Introduction: Hereditary characteristics, such as ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens, are helpful for population genetic studies, for settling medicolegal disputes, and most vitally immunologic safety of blood during transfusion. Having firm knowledge of blood grouping is essential for managing the collection of blood banks. It can lower the likelihood of morbidity and mortality brought on by lack of blood in specific areas. The objective of our study was to screen and determine the frequencies of the occurrence of ABO and Rh blood groups among residents from both the urban and rural populations of the South Karnataka region. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study. The study was conducted in a blood center and included all the donors from January 17 to December 22. Hemoglobin estimation was estimated by copper sulfate method and ERMA INC-PCE-210 3-Part analyzer. After blood bank validation, Tulip Diagnostics Limited standard anti-sera of anti-A, anti-B, and anti-D were used to conduct antigen–antibody slide agglutination test to determine the ABO grouping and Rh typing following blood donation. Simple percentages were used to report data on the ABO and Rh blood group distribution patterns. Results: Out of 19497 donors, predominant age group was 25–29 years (29.46%). The male:female ratio was 108:1. Voluntary donors (91.03%) were more than replacement donors, with predominant donors being Rh positive. Maximum donors had the blood group O (42.5%), followed by B > A > AB. There were also four Bombay blood group donors in our study. Conclusion: Good knowledge and understanding of blood grouping have an imperative involvement in the management of blood bank inventory. It can help to minimize the morbidity and mortality rate due to lack of blood in a particular geographical area.

IMPACT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AWARENESS PROGRAMS ON COVID-19 DYNAMICS: A FRACTIONAL MODELING APPROACH

Public health awareness programs have been a crucial strategy in mitigating the spread of emerging and re-emerging infectious disease outbreaks of public health significance such as COVID-19. This study adopts an Susceptible–Exposed–Infected–Recovered (SEIR) based model to assess the impact of public health awareness programs in mitigating the extent of the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed model, which incorporates public health awareness programs, uses ABC fractional operator approach to study and analyze the transmission dynamics of SARS-CoV-2. It is possible to completely understand the dynamics of the model’s features because of the memory effect and hereditary qualities that exist in the fractional version. The fixed point theorem has been used to prove the presence of a unique solution, as well as the stability analysis of the model. The nonlinear least-squares method is used to estimate the parameters of the model based on the daily cumulative cases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria from March 29 to June 12, 2020. Through the use of simulations, the model’s best-suited parameters and the optimal ABC fractional-order parameter [Formula: see text] may be determined and optimized. The suggested model is proved to understand the virus’s dynamical behavior better than the integer-order version. In addition, numerous numerical simulations are run using an efficient numerical approach to provide further insight into the model’s features.

Early life stress, depression and epigenetics.

Different factors are essential in increasing the vulnerability to psychiatric disorders, such as genetics. Among these factors, early life stress (ELS), including sexual, physical, emotional abuse, and emotional and physical neglect, enhances the odds of having menial conditions throughout life. Exhaustive research has shown that ELS leads to physiological changes, such as alteration in the HPA axis. During the most critical development period (childhood and adolescence), these changes increase the risk of having child-onset psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, research has suggested a relationship between early life stress and depression, particularly more prolonged episodes of depression with treatment-resistant outcomes. Molecular studies indicate that, in general, the hereditary character of psychiatric disorders is polygenic, multifactorial and highly complex, with innumerable low-effect genetic variants interacting with each other. However, whether there are independent effects among subtypes of ELS remains unclear. This article provides an overview of the interplay of epigenetics, the HPA axis, early life stress and the development of depression. Advances in our knowledge of epigenetics in the context of early life stress and depression provide a new understanding of the genetic influence on psychopathology. Furthermore, they could lead to identifying new targets for clinical intervention.

Síndrome de hiperferritinemia e catarata hereditária: relato de caso

INTRODUCTION: The increase in ferritin is a common finding in clinical practice, and may have several causes, such as inflammatory, neoplastic and liver diseases. In addition, ferritin represents the bodys iron stores. The syndrome of hereditary hyperferritinemia and cataract (SHHC) is a rare pathology, which is part of the differential diagnosis of the causes of increased ferritin. The diagnosis of SHHC has a great impact for the patient, as it avoids unnecessary therapeutic interventions, such as bleeding. DESCRIPTION: In the present study, a case of SHHC in a healthy preschooler is reported, in which the finding of elevated ferritin was obtained in an occasional test. The child was submitted to an extensive diagnostic procedure, performed to rule out other causes. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of SHHC is unknown in Brazil, and its variable penetrance can make it difficult to perceive the hereditary character. Thus, this case report and literature review has the importance of alerting about the existence of the pathology, so that pediatricians and other health professionals can make this diagnosis.

Stabilization for a General Class of Fractional-Order Systems: A Sampled-Data Control Method

In this paper, based on sampled-data control method, we address the stabilization problem for a general class of linear continuous-time fractional systems whose solution contains the Mittag-Leffler function that does not obey the basic exponentiation identity. By considering the infinite memory and hereditary characteristics of fractional-order calculus, we propose a sampled-data controller that guarantees the resulting closed-loop system to be asymptotically stable. Simulation examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller and verify the established results.